Intergovernmental agreements, including protocols and amendments, are not legally valid until ratified by a certain number of countries. For the UNFCCC creation, it took 50 countries; as for ratifying the Kyoto Protocol, at least 55 countries were required (together representing 55% of Annex 1 emissions in 1990). The Paris Agreement entered into force after at least 55 Parties to the Convention accounting in total for at least an estimated 55% of the total global greenhouse gas emissions have deposited their instruments of ratification.
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Annex I parties or Annex I countries
Annex I parties or Annex I countries
The Annex I to the Climate Change Convention is composed of parties to the convention and the industrialized countries of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. The division between Annex I parties and non-Annex I parties separates the countries according to...
Anthropogenic emissions
Anthropogenic emissions
Emissions produced as a result of human action. For example, large amounts of carbon dioxide are being released into the atmosphere by activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, agriculture, cement making, and so on.