Intergovernmental agreements, including protocols and amendments, are not legally valid until ratified by a certain number of countries. For the UNFCCC creation, it took 50 countries; as for ratifying the Kyoto Protocol, at least 55 countries were required (together representing 55% of Annex 1 emissions in 1990). The Paris Agreement entered into force after at least 55 Parties to the Convention accounting in total for at least an estimated 55% of the total global greenhouse gas emissions have deposited their instruments of ratification.
Arc of deforestation
Arc of deforestation
The region where the agricultural border advances towards the forest and also where the highest rates of deforestation of the Amazon are found. It corresponds to 500 thousand km² of land, going from the east and south of the Brazilian state of Pará towards the...