PNMC

After signing an international treaty, such as the Climate Change Convention or the Kyoto Protocol, a country has to ratify the commitment, often with the approval of its parliament or other legislature. The ratification instrument must be deposited with the UN...

The proportions of solar radiation reflected by a surface or object, expressed in percentage. Snow-covered surfaces have high albedo level; ground (soil) albedo can be high or low; vegetation-covered surfaces and oceans have low albedo level. The Earth’s albedo...

An igarapé is an Amazon watercourse of first or third order, constituted by a long arm of river or channel. It exists in a small number in the Amazon basin, characterized by little depth and running almost inside the forest. Most igarapés have dark waters similar...