Albedo

The proportions of solar radiation reflected by a surface or object, expressed in percentage. Snow-covered surfaces have high albedo level; ground (soil) albedo can be high or low; vegetation-covered surfaces and oceans have low albedo level. The Earth’s albedo varies mainly due to the different levels of clouds, snow, ice, vegetation, and changes in the earth’s surface.

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Annex I

See Annex I countries.

PNMC

National Plan on Climate Change (Plano Nacional sobre Mudança do Clima, PNMC, in Portuguese) is the Brazilian official voluntary commitment with the UNFCCC to achieve greenhouse gases cut between 36.1% and 38.9% of the 2020 projected emissions. It has established...

COP

Conference of the Parties, countries who are signatories to the UN Climate Change Convention. With the entry into force of the Climate Change Convention in 1994, representatives of the signatory countries started to meet annually at the Conferences of the Parties...