Albedo

The proportions of solar radiation reflected by a surface or object, expressed in percentage. Snow-covered surfaces have high albedo level; ground (soil) albedo can be high or low; vegetation-covered surfaces and oceans have low albedo level. The Earth’s albedo varies mainly due to the different levels of clouds, snow, ice, vegetation, and changes in the earth’s surface.

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REDD+ Global Partnership

According to a document signed in Oslo (Norway) in May 2010, the REDD+ Global Partnership brings a set of voluntary actions to develop issues related to the REDD mechanism. These actions are parallel to those under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate...

Certified emission reduction (CER)

Negotiable credit in the international carbon market originated from clean development mechanism (CDM) projects.

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Fuels such as oil, natural gas, and mineral coal – fossilized plant residues – that are buried in the Earth's crust and reached their present state through chemical reactions over long periods of time. They are produced by the continuous decomposition of organic...