Fossil fuels

Fuels such as oil, natural gas, and mineral coal – fossilized plant residues – that are buried in the Earth’s crust and reached their present state through chemical reactions over long periods of time. They are produced by the continuous decomposition of organic animal and plant matter through geological eras. Their production is extremely slow – much slower than the current consumption rate – and therefore, not renewable on the human timescale.

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MOP

Following the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol in 2005, the Conference of the Parties of the UN Climate Change Convention started operating as the meeting of parties (MOP) of the protocol. This body meets in a similar manner to the Conferences of the Parties...

Greenhouse gases (GHG)

Gaseous constituents of the atmosphere, from natural or anthropic sources, that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation. The UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol count for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), accompanied by...

Carbon credits

Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions tradable in the international carbon market, measured in avoided tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e). Currently, there are two types of assets being traded on the market: (i) emission allowances allocated to an existing...