El Niño

An irregularly occurring climatic phenomenon, but that usually occurs every three to five years. It is evident during the Christmas season (El Niño referes to “baby Jesus”) on the oceanic surfaces of the eastern part of the tropical Pacific Ocean. The phenomenon involves seasonal changes in tropical winds direction that circulate over the Pacific region and abnormally warm ocean surface temperatures. The changes in the tropical regions are very intense, breaking their climatic standards throughout and in higher latitudes, mainly in Central and North America.

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Forestation

Forestation

It is the conversion, directly induced by the humans, of land that has not been forested – for a period of at least 50 years – into forested land through planting, sowing, and/or human-induced promotion of natural sources of seeds. This definition is used for...

Greenhouse effect

Greenhouse effect

It is the way that the Earth has to maintain a constant temperature conducive to life. It is a natural process that provides the necessary temperature for the establishment and sustenance of life on Earth and which is only possible through greenhouse gases. These...

ARPA

ARPA

Brazilian Portuguese acronym for Programa Áreas Protegidas da Amazônia (ARPA), which means Amazon Region Protected Areas Program. The program was launched in 2002 by Federal Decree #4,326 and went into operation in 2003. The ARPA program aims to protect significant...