Anthropogenic emissions

Emissions produced as a result of human action. For example, large amounts of carbon dioxide are being released into the atmosphere by activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, agriculture, cement making, and so on.

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Albedo

The proportions of solar radiation reflected by a surface or object, expressed in percentage. Snow-covered surfaces have high albedo level; ground (soil) albedo can be high or low; vegetation-covered surfaces and oceans have low albedo level. The Earth’s albedo...

First commitment period

Refers to the 2008-2012 period under the Kyoto Protocol.

Rio-92 or ECO-92

The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, also known as Earth Summit, held in June of 1992, in Rio de Janeiro, bringing together more than 180 countries. It was at Rio-92 that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)...