A portion of the forest where, although still possible to observe the green of the forest, the presence of animals – especially pollinators – is already rare or null, compromising the region’s environmental services and the long-term survival of the forest.
The more fragmented a forest is, the more empty it is – that is, the less biodiversity it harbors and, therefore, the more endangered it is.
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It is the clearing of forests from the ground. It should be noted that forests are a significant sink for carbon dioxide.
A set of functions performed by nature, essential to human beings, such as water and gas regulation, climatic and of physical disturbances, water supply, erosion control and sediment retention, soil formation, nutrient cycling, pollination, and many others.