The proportions of solar radiation reflected by a surface or object, expressed in percentage. Snow-covered surfaces have high albedo level; ground (soil) albedo can be high or low; vegetation-covered surfaces and oceans have low albedo level. The Earth’s albedo varies mainly due to the different levels of clouds, snow, ice, vegetation, and changes in the earth’s surface.
Certified emission reduction (CER)
Certified emission reduction (CER)
Negotiable credit in the international carbon market originated from clean development mechanism (CDM) projects.